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<title>Homelessness services</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Homelessness services</span></span>

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</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="List_of_homelessness_organizations" title="List of homelessness organizations">List of homelessness organizations</a></div>

<p><b>Homelessness services</b> are specialized programs assisting <a href="Homeless" class="mw-redirect" title="Homeless">homeless</a> people. While homelessness services may be government-run or government funded, <a href="Non-profit_organizations" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-profit organizations">non-profit organizations</a> often play an important role in service delivery.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Services supporting homeless people may assist them to achieve positive change in their life and reduce the use of both homelessness services and of other welfare services.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While these services are specifically geared toward homeless people, researchers note that the drivers and the responses to homelessness stretch beyond the scope of such services.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Some countries have a scarcity of rigorous research on the outcomes of specialized homelessness services.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Others have adopted statistical collection programs to conduct research on outcomes and service delivery.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<p>In some countries, the majority of homelessness services are members of a <a href="Peak_body" class="mw-redirect" title="Peak body">peak body</a> organization.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Homelessness peak bodies typically have a reference group made up of member services and meet at least once a year in annual or bi-annual conferences.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In other countries, an inter-agency council may represent various state-run services.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Researchers found that local government can play a positive role in expanding the range of services and assisting with or helping to secure funding for services.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Government_contracting">Government contracting</h2></div>

<p>A study in England found that competition for contracts had both beneficial as well as problematic implications for homelessness services. Competition also raises tensions among cooperating services.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An Australian study found that while social workers employed in homelessness services constructed their professional identities by drawing on debates in social work literature and tensions in practice, their identity is overshadowed by organizational contexts, influencing work practice in homelessness services.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Service_dynamics">Service dynamics</h2></div>

<p>Individuals experiencing homelessness will often prefer a specialist homelessness team and be reluctant to engage with mainstream services, or be unwilling to be referred on to another service.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>A <a href="Case_management_(mental_health)" title="Case management (mental health)">case management</a> approach to service delivery in homelessness services have been found to be important components of service integration. And clients from more integrated services were more likely to report positive outcomes than were clients of less integrated services. Clients from more integrated services were also more likely to report that various service providers worked together to coordinate their care. The study found that 40 per cent of Australian specialist homelessness services provide mental health services and 35 per cent also provide drug and alcohol support<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Berman, Evan M., and Jonathan P. West. "Public‐Private Leadership and the Role of Nonprofit Organizations in Local Government: The Case of Social Services." Review of Policy Research 14, no. 1‐2 (1995): 235-251.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Zaretzky, Kaylene, Paul Flatau, Anne Clear, Elizabeth Conroy, Lucy Burns, and Bridget Spicer. "The cost of homelessness and the net benefit of homelessness programs: a national study. Findings from the Baseline Client Survey." (2013).</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Forsyth, Liz, and Amity Durham. "Directions for homelessness service system reform." Parity 26, no. 8 (2013): 6.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Fotheringham, Sarah, Christine A. Walsh, and Anna Burrowes. "‘A place to rest’: the role of transitional housing in ending homelessness for women in Calgary, Canada." Gender, Place & Culture 21, no. 7 (2014): 834-853.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Busch-Geertsema, Volker. "Defining and measuring homelessness." Homelessness Research in Europe: Festschrift for Bill Edgar and Joe Doherty (2010): 19-39.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Barrow, Susan M., Fredric Hellman, Anne M. Lovell, Jane D. Plapinger, and Elmer L. Struening. "Evaluating outreach services: lessons from a study of five programs." New directions for mental health services 1991, no. 52 (1991): 29-45.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cortis, Natasha, and Megan Blaxland. State of the Community Service Sector in New South Wales 2015. Social Policy Research Centre, UNSW Australia, 2015.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nesci, Angela. "True Representation or Token Position?." Parity 21, no. 4 (2008): 6.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Keuroghlian, Alex S., Derri Shtasel, and Ellen L. Bassuk. "Out on the street: a public health and policy agenda for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender youth who are homeless." American journal of orthopsychiatry 84, no. 1 (2014): 66.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Berman, Evan M. "Local government and community-based strategies: Evidence from a national survey of a social problem." The American Review of Public Administration 26, no. 1 (1996): 71-91.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Buckingham, Heather. "Competition and contracts in the voluntary sector: exploring the implications for homelessness service providers in Southampton." Policy & Politics 37, no. 2 (2009): 235-254.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Zufferey, Carole. "'Jack of all trades, master of none?': Social work identity and homelessness in Australian cities." Journal of Social Work (2011): 1468017310393404.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Craig, Tom, and Philip Timms. "Facing up to social exclusion: services for homeless mentally ill people." International review of psychiatry 12, no. 3 (2000): 206-211.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Flatau, Paul, Elizabeth Conroy, Monica Thielking, Anne Clear, Sarah Hall, Alicia Bauskis, Matthew Farrugia, and Lucy Burns. "How integrated are homelessness, mental health and drug and alcohol services in Australia?." (2013).</span>

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</style><div id="Homelessness205" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Homelessness" title="Homelessness">Homelessness</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Homelessness_and_Aging" class="mw-redirect" title="Homelessness and Aging">Aged people</a></li>

<li><a href="Begging" title="Begging">Beggar</a></li>

<li><a href="Net_cafe_refugee" class="mw-redirect" title="Net cafe refugee">Cyber-homeless</a></li>

<li><a href="Family_homelessness" title="Family homelessness">Families</a></li>

<li><a href="Gutter_punk" title="Gutter punk">Gutter punk</a></li>

<li><a href="McRefugee" title="McRefugee">McRefugee</a></li>

<li><a href="Mole_people" title="Mole people">Mole people</a></li>

<li><a href="Street_people" title="Street people">Street people</a></li>

<li><a href="Street_children" title="Street children">Street children</a></li>

<li><a href="Social_orphan" title="Social orphan">Social orphan</a></li>

<li><a href="Vagrancy_(people)" class="mw-redirect" title="Vagrancy (people)">Vagrants</a>

<ul><li><a href="Bergie" title="Bergie">Bergie</a></li>

<li><a href="Tramp" title="Tramp">Tramps</a></li>

<li><a href="Hobo" title="Hobo">Hobos</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Youth_homelessness" title="Youth homelessness">Youth</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">Issues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Anti-homelessness_legislation" title="Anti-homelessness legislation">Anti-homelessness legislation</a></li>

<li><a href="Homeless_Bill_of_Rights" title="Homeless Bill of Rights">Bill of Rights</a></li>

<li><a href="Bumvertising" title="Bumvertising">Bumvertising</a></li>

<li><a href="Discrimination_against_the_homeless" class="mw-redirect" title="Discrimination against the homeless">Discrimination</a></li>

<li><a href="Homelessness_and_mental_health" title="Homelessness and mental health">Mental health</a></li>

<li><a href="Homeless_dumping" class="mw-redirect" title="Homeless dumping">Patient dumping</a></li>

<li><a href="Homelessness_in_popular_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Homelessness in popular culture">Popular culture</a></li>

<li><a href="Spirituality_and_homelessness" title="Spirituality and homelessness">Spirituality</a></li>

<li><a href="Homeless_Vulnerability_Index" title="Homeless Vulnerability Index">Vulnerability Index</a></li>

<li><a href="Survival_sex" title="Survival sex">Survival sex</a></li>

<li><a href="Social_cleansing" title="Social cleansing">Social cleansing</a></li>

<li><a href="Slum_clearance" title="Slum clearance">Slum clearance</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">Responses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Soup_kitchen" title="Soup kitchen">Soup kitchen</a></li>

<li><a href="Hygiene_program" title="Hygiene program">Hygiene program</a></li>

<li><a href="Homeless_ministry" title="Homeless ministry">Homeless ministry</a></li>

<li>

<li><a href="Street_newspaper" title="Street newspaper">Street newspaper</a>

</div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Shelters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Homeless_shelter" title="Homeless shelter">Homeless shelter</a>

<ul><li><a href="Cooling_center" title="Cooling center">Cooling center</a></li>

<li><a href="Drop-in_center" title="Drop-in center">Drop-in center</a></li>

<li><a href="Four_penny_coffin" title="Four penny coffin">Four penny coffin</a></li>

<li>Two-penny hangover</li>

<li><a href="Penny_sit-up" title="Penny sit-up">Penny sit-up</a></li>

<li><a href="Warming_center" title="Warming center">Warming center</a></li>

<li><a href="Women's_shelter" title="Women's shelter">Women's shelter</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Homeless_Friendly_Precincts" title="Homeless Friendly Precincts">Homeless Friendly Precincts</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Housing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Foyer_(housing_model)" title="Foyer (housing model)">Foyers</a></li>

<li><a href="Housing_First" title="Housing First">Housing First</a></li>

<li><a href="Rapid_Re-Housing" title="Rapid Re-Housing">Rapid Re-Housing</a></li>

<li><a href="Right_to_housing" title="Right to housing">Right to housing</a></li>

<li><a href="Single-room_occupancy" title="Single-room occupancy">Single-room occupancy</a> (SRO)</li>

<li><a href="Squatting" title="Squatting">Squatting</a></li>

<li><a href="Transitional_housing" title="Transitional housing">Transitional housing</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Awareness</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Homelessness_Action_Week" title="Homelessness Action Week">Homelessness Action Week</a></li>

<li><a href="Homeless_Persons'_Week" title="Homeless Persons' Week">Homeless Persons' Week</a></li>

<li><a href="Homeless_World_Cup" title="Homeless World Cup">Homeless World Cup</a></li>

<li><a href="International_Year_of_Shelter_for_the_Homeless" title="International Year of Shelter for the Homeless">International Year of Shelter for the Homeless</a></li>

<li><a href="Street_Child_World_Cup" title="Street Child World Cup">Street Child World Cup</a></li>

<li><a href="Youth_Homelessness_Matters_Day" title="Youth Homelessness Matters Day">Youth Homelessness Matters Day</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="List_of_countries_by_homeless_population" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by homeless population">By country</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Homelessness_in_Algeria" title="Homelessness in Algeria">Algeria</a></li>

<li><a href="Homelessness_in_Egypt" class="mw-redirect" title="Homelessness in Egypt">Egypt</a></li>

<li><a href="Street_children_in_Ghana" title="Street children in Ghana">Ghanaian children</a></li>

<li><a href="Homelessness_in_South_Africa" title="Homelessness in South Africa">South Africa</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Homelessness_in_Canada" title="Homelessness in Canada">Canada</a>

<ul><li><a href="Homelessness_in_Vancouver" title="Homelessness in Vancouver">Vancouver</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Street_children_in_Latin_America" title="Street children in Latin America">Latin American children</a></li>

<li><a href="Homelessness_in_the_United_States" title="Homelessness in the United States">United States</a>

<ul><li><a href="Homelessness_among_LGBTQ_youth_in_the_United_States" title="Homelessness among LGBTQ youth in the United States">LGBTQ youth</a></li>

<li><a href="Homeless_veterans_in_the_United_States" title="Homeless veterans in the United States">Veterans</a></li>

<li><a href="Homeless_women_in_the_United_States" title="Homeless women in the United States">Women</a></li>

<li><a href="Homelessness_in_California" title="Homelessness in California">California</a>

<ul><li><a href="Homelessness_in_the_San_Francisco_Bay_Area" title="Homelessness in the San Francisco Bay Area">San Francisco</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Homelessness_in_Colorado" title="Homelessness in Colorado">Colorado</a></li>

<li><a href="Social_services_and_homelessness_in_Columbus%2C_Ohio" title="Social services and homelessness in Columbus, Ohio">Columbus</a></li>

<li><a href="Homelessness_in_Florida" title="Homelessness in Florida">Florida</a></li>

<li><a href="2020_Minneapolis_park_encampments" title="2020 Minneapolis park encampments">Minneapolis</a></li>

<li><a href="Homelessness_in_New_Mexico" title="Homelessness in New Mexico">New Mexico</a></li>

<li><a href="Homelessness_in_Oregon" title="Homelessness in Oregon">Oregon</a></li>

<li><a href="Homelessness_in_Seattle" title="Homelessness in Seattle">Seattle</a></li>

<li><a href="Homelessness_in_the_United_States_by_state" title="Homelessness in the United States by state">Elsewhere</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Street_children_in_Bangladesh" title="Street children in Bangladesh">Bangladeshi children</a></li>

<li><a href="Homelessness_in_China" title="Homelessness in China">China</a></li>

<li><a href="Homelessness_in_India" title="Homelessness in India">India</a>

<ul><li><a href="Street_children_in_India" title="Street children in India">children</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Homelessness_in_Indonesia" title="Homelessness in Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li>

<li><a href="Homelessness_in_Israel" title="Homelessness in Israel">Israel</a></li>

<li><a href="Homelessness_in_Japan" title="Homelessness in Japan">Japan</a></li>

<li><a href="Kotjebi" title="Kotjebi">North Korea</a></li>

<li><a href="Street_children_in_the_Philippines" title="Street children in the Philippines">Filipino children</a></li>

<li><a href="Street_children_in_Thailand" title="Street children in Thailand">Thai children</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">East</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Street_children_in_Eastern_Europe" title="Street children in Eastern Europe">Eastern European children</a></li>

<li><a href="Homelessness_in_Hungary" title="Homelessness in Hungary">Hungary</a></li>

<li><a href="Homelessness_in_Russia" title="Homelessness in Russia">Russia</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Homelessness_in_Denmark" title="Homelessness in Denmark">Denmark</a></li>

<li><a href="Homelessness_in_Finland" title="Homelessness in Finland">Finland</a></li>

<li><a href="Homelessness_in_Ireland" title="Homelessness in Ireland">Ireland</a></li>

<li><a href="Homelessness_in_Sweden" title="Homelessness in Sweden">Sweden</a></li>

<li><a href="Homelessness_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Homelessness in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>

<ul><li><a href="Homelessness_in_England" title="Homelessness in England">England</a></li>

<li><a href="Homelessness_in_Scotland" title="Homelessness in Scotland">Scotland</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Homelessness_in_Greece" title="Homelessness in Greece">Greece</a></li>

<li><a href="Homelessness_in_Portugal" title="Homelessness in Portugal">Portugal</a></li>

<li><a href="Homelessness_in_Spain" title="Homelessness in Spain">Spain</a></li>

<li><a href="Homelessness_in_Vatican_City" title="Homelessness in Vatican City">Vatican City</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">West</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Homelessness_in_France" title="Homelessness in France">France</a></li>

<li><a href="Homelessness_in_Germany" title="Homelessness in Germany">Germany</a></li>

<li><a href="Homelessness_in_the_Netherlands" title="Homelessness in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li>

<li><a href="Homelessness_in_Switzerland" title="Homelessness in Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Homelessness_in_Australia" title="Homelessness in Australia">Australia</a></li>

<li><a href="Homelessness_in_Papua_New_Guinea" title="Homelessness in Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li>

<li><a href="Homelessness_in_New_Zealand" title="Homelessness in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"></span></span> Category</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2022-07-09" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Homelessness_services&oldid=1097283835">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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